The Madagascar Bullseye Moth (Antherina suraka) Larvae, cocoons, eggs

Physical Description   Antherina suraka is a striking Saturniid with a wingspan of around 12 cm. Adults show large, mobile eyespots on each hindwing, giving them an owl‑like appearance when disturbed. Their colours are vivid and highly patterned, combining pink, yellow, brown, and black in a way that functions as a warning display. Early larvae are dark with small orange or yellow points, later developing into bright green caterpillars marked with red and black. Final instars vary widely, ranging from pale green to yellow, with spines that may appear red, orange, pink, or yellow. Some individuals retain heavy black pigmentation, creating mottled or almost fully dark forms.

Host Plants and Feeding   Larvae accept a broad range of host plants in captivity. Privet is one of the most dependable options and produces strong, well‑grown caterpillars. Willow, Lilac, Oleander, and Sweetgum are also suitable, and many keepers use them interchangeably depending on seasonal availability. The species is not especially fussy, but fresh, healthy foliage always gives the best results.

General Rearing Notes   Eggs usually hatch within 10–15 days, with warmer temperatures speeding development. Room temperature is suitable for all stages, and the species tolerates heat well due to its Madagascan origin. Young larvae can be kept in plastic tubs provided humidity does not build up excessively; by the third instar they should be moved to a ventilated cage or rearing sleeve to prevent overcrowding and reduce the risk of infection. As they grow, the caterpillars become increasingly colourful and variable, with the fourth and fifth instars showing the widest range of patterns and tones.

Cocoon and Pupal Behaviour

When ready to pupate, many larvae spin a distinctive double‑layered cocoon with fine perforations. These tiny holes are thought to help with drainage during heavy rains and improve airflow in the high temperatures typical of their native habitat. A minority of larvae do not spin a cocoon at all and instead pupate openly on the enclosure floor. This behaviour is seen both in captivity and, likely, in the wild, though the exact cause is not fully understood.

Emergence and Seasonal Timing   Adults usually emerge within one to two months, but some pupae delay development for several months, especially if kept dry. Moisture encourages emergence, reflecting the species’ natural link to the rainy season. Spraying the cocoons lightly with warm water can help stimulate development if emergence appears delayed.

Care level: easy / beginner.